Humans have inhabited the riverside and hilly zones of Latium since the Early Paleolithic times. In the 19th century B.C. the Etruscans, who shared the area with the Latins and several other Italic tribes, founded the first settlements and city centers, cultivated the vine and established winemaking in the region.
The influence of Rome, the most important center of the region, grew until in the 3rd century B.C. it subdued all of Latium. The Romans improved farming, and built impressive civil structures such as aqueducts, many which still stand today.
Because of its central location, Lazio offers an incredible variety of dishes and ingredients. The foods tend towards highly flavored recipes, rich in garlic, herbs and olive oil. Lamb is everywhere, and every part of the young lamb is used in a wide variety of dishes. Roast suckling pig is featured at feast time as well, and the classic saltimbocca, thinly sliced veal with sage and prosciutto is a staple. From the nearby Mediterranean, seafood of every type is grilled or sautè in olive oil, tossed on pasta with local vegetables (artichokes play a large part), and in some cases, deep fried. The wines of Castelli Romani, the hill towns surrounding Rome, include Frascati (for the seafood), and the local Cesanese-based reds for the meats.

